> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://help.get-ryze.ai/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Technical SEO

> Technical SEO is the work of making a site crawlable, indexable, and renderable by search engines, covering crawling, indexation, site architecture, structured data, and performance.

Technical SEO is the work of making a site crawlable, indexable, and renderable by search engines — as distinct from content SEO (what the pages say) and off-page SEO (who links to them).

If technical SEO is broken, content and links cannot compensate: a page that cannot be crawled or indexed will not rank regardless of quality.

## What it covers

**Crawling** — whether engines can reach pages. `robots.txt` rules, internal linking, [crawl budget](/concepts/crawl-budget), redirect chains, and server response codes.

**Indexation** — whether crawled pages are eligible to appear. `noindex` directives, canonical tags, duplicate content, thin pages, and parameter handling.

**Rendering** — whether the content engines see matches what users see. Client-side rendering can hide body text from crawlers that do not execute JavaScript, including many AI retrieval crawlers.

**Architecture** — how pages relate. URL structure, category depth, internal link distribution, pagination, and [faceted navigation](/concepts/crawl-budget).

**Structured data** — machine-readable markup describing page content, usually [Schema.org](https://schema.org) vocabulary in JSON-LD. Required for rich results and increasingly consumed by AI systems and shopping agents.

**Performance** — load and interaction speed, measured by [Core Web Vitals](/concepts/core-web-vitals).

**Internationalization** — `hreflang` annotations, country and language targeting, and avoiding duplicate content across locales.

## Common failure modes on ecommerce sites

* Faceted navigation generating unbounded crawlable URL combinations
* Product variants split across near-identical pages without canonicals
* Out-of-stock products returning soft 404s or being removed without redirects
* Pagination that blocks crawlers from reaching deep catalogue pages
* Structured data that contradicts the visible page — most often price or availability
* Migrations that drop redirects and lose accumulated link and citation history

## Primary references

* [Google Search Essentials](https://developers.google.com/search/docs/essentials)
* [Google structured data documentation](https://developers.google.com/search/docs/appearance/structured-data/intro-structured-data)
* [Schema.org](https://schema.org)

## Related

* [Core Web Vitals](/concepts/core-web-vitals)
* [Crawl budget](/concepts/crawl-budget)
* [Programmatic SEO](/concepts/programmatic-seo)